NON-INVASIVE BLOOD GLUCOSE MONITORING: A NEW APPROACH FOR DIABETIC PATIENTS

Abstract

INTRODUCTION Description: What is Diabetes? Currently, four main non-communicable diseases (cardiovascular diseases, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes) are becoming global public health concern. The probability of dying from any one of four of them between the ages of 30 and 70 decreased by 22% globally 2000 and 2019 (World Health Organization  [WHO] (2023).   Briefly, diabetes is a chronic (long lasting) health condition that affects how our bodies turn food we have eaten into energy (Center for Disease Control [CDC] (2023). The World Health Organization describes it is a chronic condition, which is diagnosed and monitored with blood glucose testing. Ordinarily, our bodies break down the food we eat into sugar (glucose) which is released into our blood stream. When the blood sugar rises, it signals one’s pancreas to release insulin (hormones that regulates blood glucose) which acts like a key to let the blood sugar into our body’s cells for use as energy. On the other hand, diabetes disease occurs when one’s body does not make enough insulin or can’t even use the insulin released as it should. When there isn’t enough insulin or the cells have stopped responding, too much blood sugar remain in one’s bloodstream. That is, diabetes occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. The common effect of uncontrolled diabetes is hyperglycemia which is also called raised blood or raised blood sugar (CDC & WHO, 2023).