AFRICAN JOURNAL FOR THE PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES OF SOCIAL ISSUES
The African Journal for the Psychological Study of Social Issues is dedicated to the Scientific investigation of psychological and social issues and related phenomenon in Africa. The journal does not undertake to specify rigidly an appropriate domain of context, but intends rather to reflect current significant research of psychology and social issues. Although the journal primarily publishes reports of empirical research, other types of papers relevant to the development of an African view of psychology (such as theoretical analyses, literature reviews, methodological notes, observations on published articles etc.) are also sought. Volumes 1-15 can be accessed HERE
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DIAGNOSIS AND ASSIMILATION OF CORPORATE CULTURE IN THE NIGERIAN CIVIL SERVICE: VALIDATING GOFFEE AND JONES (1998)’S CULTURAL TYPOLOGY
Studies have prevailed examining culture in the civil service in terms of group characteristics rather than individual characteristics which is typical with common definitions of organisational culture. Meanwhile, the typology of studying organisational culture from the group perspective seems more encompassing. The study emphasizes the relevance of assimilating organisational culture in terms of solidarity and sociability captured as the Double S Cube conception by Goffee and Jones (1998) as a diagnostic framework for understanding organisational culture in the Nigerian federal civil service. Using a cross-sectional survey of 86 civil servants from selected organisations, the study subjected the data collected to Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and reliability testing. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure (0.872) and Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity (χ² = 958.615, df =171, p < .001) confirmed sampling adequacy and item intercorrelation. Two factors emerged, accounting for 62.77% of the variance, consistent with the theoretical dimensions. After removing weakly loading items, the scale achieved excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.943). These findings confirm the construct validity and reliability of the Double S Cube in diagnosing culture within Nigerian civil service organisations. The study has been able to provide practical approach for identifying prevailing cultural patterns, guiding cultural reforms, and strengthening organisational effectiveness. Key words; Corporate culture, Organisational culture, Double S Cube, Solidarity and Sociability
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INFLUENCE OF WORK LIFE BALANCE ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AMONG ACADEMIC STAFF OF BENUE STATE UNIVERSITY AND JOSEPH SARWUAN TARKA UNIVERSITY IN BENUE-STATE-NIGERIA.
This study investigated the influence of work-life balance on employee performance among academic staff of Benue State University and Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University in Benue State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey design was employed, and a sample of 283 academic staff was selected using stratified random sampling. The study's findings revealed a significant influence of work-life balance on employee performance, with work-life balance accounting for 17.3% of the total variance observed in employee performance. Specifically: Work life contributed statistically significant to employee performance (β = 0.417, t = 6.353; P < 0.01), implying that work life enhances employee performance. Personal life did not significantly influence employee performance (β = 0.051, t = 0.784; P > 0.05), suggesting that personal life is not a determinant of employee performance in this context. Work-life balance dimensions significantly influenced employee performance dimensions, with both work life and personal life determining employee performance. The study's findings revealed that work-life balance significantly influences employee performance among academic staff of selected tertiary institutions in Benue State, Nigeria. The study's results have implications for institutional policies and practices that promote work-life balance and support employee well-being. The study recommends that Tertiary institutions in Benue State, Nigeria should prioritize work-life balance by implementing policies and practices that support academic staff's well-being, Institutional leaders should model balanced behaviors and actively promote work-life balance policies. Academic staff should be encouraged to prioritize their personal lives and engage in activities that promote their well-being and productivity. Further research should be conducted to explore the impact of work-life balance on employee performance in other contexts and industries. Keywords: Influence, Work Life Balance, Employee Performance, Academic, and Staff.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN NIGERIA
This study examines the impact of socio-economic development on unemployment in Nigeria, using secondary data from the Central Bank of Nigeria's Statistical Bulletin and the National Bureau of Statistics for the period 1991-2022. A linear model was developed to specify unemployment as a function of inflation rate, real GDP growth rate, industrial value added to GDP, and government social expenditure on community services. Preliminary analyses conducted include descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, the Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test, and bounds testing for cointegration. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model technique was employed for model estimation. Findings revealed that inflation has a minimal short- and long-term effect on unemployment, while industrial value added significantly impacts unemployment with a delayed effect. Government social expenditure positively influences employment, reducing unemployment in both the short and long run. Additionally, GDP growth is linked to lower unemployment rates. Based on the findings, the study recommends that policymakers prioritize industrial expansion and government social expenditure as effective strategies for reducing unemployment in Nigeria, both in the short and long term. Additionally, fostering economic growth through supportive policies is essential for creating job opportunities and promoting sustainable development. Keywords: community service, employment, job creation, social expenditure, sustainable development,
FROM SCREENS TO STREETS: SOCIAL MEDIA'S INFLUENCE AND PEER PRESSURE IN THE RISE OF RITUAL KILLINGS AMONG YOUTHS IN IBADAN METROPOLIS
Ritual killings among youths in Nigeria, especially in Oyo State, represent a significant societal issue rooted in socio-economic and cultural challenges. These violent acts are increasingly driven by peer pressure and the pervasive influence of social media, which shape young people's aspirations for social acceptance and perceived wealth. Many youths are compelled to engage in ritual killings due to the glorification of such acts within their social circles, while social media distorts perceptions of success and normalizes criminal behaviors. The study examines the impacts of peer pressure on pathway to ritual killings among youth killings, the role of the social media world towards the pathway for ritual killings among youths, the incidences of youth ritual killings and effects of ritual killings amongst youths. The study anchored itself on Social Learning Theory. The study engaged an exploratory and qualitative research methodology and collected data through 5 in-depth interviews, 10 key informant interview. The increasing pressure on Nigerian youth to engage in ritual killings highlights a disturbing social and cultural crisis. This form of violence, driven by desires for quick wealth, is symptomatic of deeper societal issues such as economic hardship, lack of education, peer pressure, and moral erosion. Hence, the volume of content portraying wealth and success achieved from the perpetration of crime or violence should be reduced, and likewise collaboration must be done by governments and other relevant parties with the owners of social media. Film industries like Nollywood should be encouraged in the direction of producing content that focuses on the consequences of such crime and violence, rather than aggrandizing them. Keywords: Peer Pressure, Ritual Killings, Social Media, Social Learning Theory, Ibadan Metropolis
EXPLORING THE ROLES OF FAMILY SUPPORT AND PEER RELATIONSHIPS IN FOSTERING RESILIENCE AMONG UNIVERSITY UNDERGRADUATES
Using a correlational research design, this study investigated the influence of perceived family support and the quality of peer relationships on resilience among undergraduates at the Federal University of Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State. A total of 299 students aged 18 to 21 years participated in the survey. Data were collected using a structured and standardised questionnaire designed to measure perceived family support, quality of peer relationships, and resilience. Statistical analyses conducted included descriptive statistics, Pearson product-moment correlation, independent sample t-tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and multiple regression analysis to explore both main effects and interaction effects among variables. The results revealed a significant positive correlation between family support and resilience (r = .512, p < .05), indicating that students who reported higher levels of family support also demonstrated greater resilience. Similarly, a significant positive correlation was found between peer relationship quality and resilience (r = .467, p < .05), suggesting that students with stronger and more supportive peer networks exhibited greater resilience. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis showed that peer relationships moderated the association between family support and resilience. Specifically, students who reported high family support and positive peer relationships exhibited the highest levels of resilience, highlighting the interactive and strengthening nature of these social factors .Results from the t-test analysis indicated that there were no significant gender differences in resilience scores (p > 0.05), suggesting that male and female students experience comparable levels of resilience. However, the results of ANOVA revealed significant differences in resilience between age groups (F(3, 296) = 3.102, p = 0.027), indicating potential developmental variations in resilience during late adolescence and emerging adulthood. These findings underscore the critical role of both family and peer contexts in fostering resilience among university students. The study demonstrates that strong family support and quality peer interactions jointly contribute to greater psychological resilience during the transitional period of higher education. Consequently, interventions aimed at promoting student resilience should consider strategies that encourage family involvement and facilitate positive peer engagement. These insights have practical relevance for university counsellors, educators, and policy makers looking to strengthen the psychological well-being and academic success of undergraduates through holistic support systems. Keywords: family support, peer relationships, resilience, undergraduates
INVESTIGATING THE MEDIATING AND DIRECT EFFECTS OF ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES ON SELF-ESTEEM AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN SOUTHERN NIGERIA
In today’s fast-evolving workplace, occupational stress is a persistent challenge across various sectors, including the telecommunications industry. Rapid technological advancements and increasing digital surveillance have intensified job-related pressure among employees, particularly in leading firms like MTN Nigeria. This study examined the impact of occupational stress and work-life balance on turnover intentions among MTN employees in Lagos, focusing on the mediating role of job satisfaction. The study is situated within the broader context of 2024 workplace realities, including intensified workloads and organisational restructuring aimed at boosting efficiency and competitiveness. Quantitative research design was adopted, using structured questionnaires distributed to 500 MTN staff members across departments in Lagos, and 312 valid responses were analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) to test the relationships among occupational stress, work-life balance, job satisfaction and turnover intentions. The findings reveal that occupational stress does not have a direct significant impact on employees’ turnover intentions. A significant negative relationship exists between work-life balance and turnover intentions, employees with better work-life balance report a lower desire to leave the organisation. Job satisfaction emerged as a key mediating variable in the relationship between work-life balance and turnover intentions. Employees experiencing a healthy work-life balance tend to be more satisfied with their jobs, which in turn reduces their intention to quit. Occupational stress alone does not drive turnover directly, it negatively affects job satisfaction, which can eventually influence attrition indirectly. Implications for human resource professionals to craft strategies to mitigate pressure against intentions to quit were highlighted. Keywords: Occupational stress; Work-life balance; Turnover intentions; Job satisfaction, Workplace pressure, MTN Nigeria
PERSONALITY TRAITS AND COGNITIVE STYLES AS PREDICTORS OF SOMATIC SYMPTOMS AMONG GOVERNMENT RETIREES IN ENUGU STATE
The study explored personality traits and cognitive styles as predictors of somatic symptoms among government retirees in Enugu State. A total of 376 participants were drawn from the population of retired civil servants from the Nigeria Union of Pensioners (NUP) Enugu State. They comprised of 208 men and 168 women with the age range of 56 to 82 years with mean = 73.59 and Standard deviation = 5.72. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the participants. Somatic Symptom Scale-8 (SSS-8; Gierk et al., 2014); Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ; 1975); and Cognitive Styles Questionnaire (CSQ; Ancona et al, 1997) were used as research instruments. Correlation design was adopted while Hierarchical Multiple Regression statistics and Moderated Multiple Regression were used to analyze the data. Results showed that introverted personality trait positively predicted somatic symptoms (β = .30, t = 6.01, p<.01), while extroverted personality trait negatively predicted somatic symptoms (β = -.21, t = -4.05, p<.01). It was also found that judging cognitive style negatively predicted somatic symptoms (β = -.19, t = -3.27 p<.01) while perceiving cognitive style positively predicted somatic symptoms (β = .20, t = 4.00, p<.01). Finally, the result showed that interaction between perceiving cognitive styles and introversion personality trait is significantly positive (t = 2.97, P < .05; LLCI, ULCI = .05, .24); interaction between judging cognitive styles and extroversion personality trait is significantly negative (t = -2.60, P < .05; LLCI, ULCI = -.20, -.03) and interaction between perceiving cognitive styles and extroversion personality trait is significantly positive (t = 4.50, P < .01; LLCI, ULCI = .08, .22). The outcome of the study not only contribute to academic discourse but also has practical implications for enhancing the well-being of retirees in Enugu State through tailored support systems that consider individuals psychological characteristics. Key Words: personality, cognitive, traits, somatic symptoms, retirees
PERSONALITY TRAITS AS PREDICTORS OF SOMATIC SYMPTOMS AMONG GOVERNMENT RETIREES IN ENUGU STATE
The study explored personality traits as predictors of somatic symptoms among government retirees in Enugu State. A total of 376 participants were drawn from the population of retired civil servants from the Nigeria Union of Pensioners (NUP) Enugu State. They comprised of 208 men and 168 women with the age range of 56 to 82 years with mean = 73.59 and Standard deviation = 5.72. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the participants. Somatic Symptom Scale-8 (SSS-8; Gierk et al., 2014); Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ; 1975); and Cognitive Styles Questionnaire (CSQ; Ancona et al, 1997) were used as research instruments. Correlation design was adopted while Hierarchical Multiple Regression statistics and Moderated Multiple Regression were used to analyze the data. Results showed that introverted personality trait positively predicted somatic symptoms (β = .30, t = 6.01, p<.01), while extroverted personality trait negatively predicted somatic symptoms (β = -.21, t = -4.05, p<.01). It was also found that judging cognitive style negatively predicted somatic symptoms (β = -.19, t = -3.27 p<.01) while perceiving cognitive style positively predicted somatic symptoms (β = .20, t = 4.00, p<.01). Finally, the result showed that interaction between perceiving cognitive styles and introversion personality trait is significantly positive (t = 2.97, P < .05; LLCI, ULCI = .05, .24); interaction between judging cognitive styles and extroversion personality trait is significantly negative (t = -2.60, P < .05; LLCI, ULCI = -.20, -.03) and interaction between perceiving cognitive styles and extroversion personality trait is significantly positive (t = 4.50, P < .01; LLCI, ULCI = .08, .22). The outcome of the study not only contribute to academic discourse but also has practical implications for enhancing the well-being of retirees in Enugu State through tailored support systems that consider individuals psychological characteristics. Key Word: Somatic symptoms, personality, Traits, Retirees, Pensioners
THE PARADOX OF PROGRESS: HOW CIVILIZATION DULLS HUMAN INGENUITY
This paper argues that restoring creativity as a central dimension of human thought, behavior, and everyday living is essential to addressing today’s interconnected crises and renewing shared humanity. Creativity is not merely a luxury or restricted to artistic and technological endeavors but represents the innate human capacity to generate adaptive and meaningful responses to uncertainty and complexity. As a resource for psychological resilience, social cohesion, and ecological awareness, creativity offers a lifeline for navigating crises and fostering renewal. The paper highlights that creativity is evident in everyday practices such as caregiving, teaching, parenting, organizing, and community problem-solving, where imagination and adaptability persist despite constraints. These often-overlooked forms of creativity contribute significantly to personal fulfillment, collective healing, and social transformation. Yet, prevailing educational, institutional, and economic systems suppress this potential through rigid norms, fear of failure, and excessive focus on control and productivity. In response, the paper critiques such limiting structures and proposes alternatives that prioritize curiosity, empathy, and experimentation. Approaches such as inquiry-based learning, narrative practices, ecological design, and community arts are presented as models that nurture exploration and cultivate creative agency. At the same time, the paper warns of mounting threats to creativity, including technologies that emphasize efficiency over discovery and economies that reduce individuals to consumers rather than creators. These trends undermine the imaginative capacities crucial for addressing complex global challenges. Ultimately, the paper calls for creativity to be recognized as both a civic and ethical imperative Keywords: creativity, ingenuity, human condition, technological innovation, Artificial Intelligence, education reformI.
UNDERSTANDING TURNOVER INTENTIONS IN HIGH-PRESSURE WORK ENVIRONMENTS: A CASE STUDY OF THE STAFF OF MTN COMMUNICATION CENTER, LAGOS, NIGERIA
MODERNIZING MARITIME TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE IN NIGERIA TOWARDS TRANSFORMATION INTO REGIONAL TRANSSHIPMENT HUB IN WEST AFRICA
The study examines the impact of maritime transportation infrastructure on Nigeria’s economic growth and development. The objectives were to: assess the current state of maritime transportation infrastructure in Nigeria and identify critical gaps hindering its transformation into a regional transshipment hub; analyze global best practices and models of successful transshipment hubs (e.g., Singapore, Rotterdam, Djibouti) and evaluate their applicability to the Nigerian maritime context; examine the role of policy frameworks, institutional coordination, and regulatory reforms necessary for supporting maritime infrastructure modernization in Nigeria; evaluate the potential economic, trade, and employment benefits of developing Nigeria as a transshipment hub in West Africa; and propose strategic investments, technological upgrades, and public-private partnership (PPP) models required to achieve efficient, secure, and competitive maritime infrastructure in Nigeria. The study adopted the Taro Yamane formula to determine the sample size of 272 out of 299, thus giving a 90.97% response rate. Observation and structured questionnaire was used for the collection of data. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data was coded and analyzed using the 4-point Likert Scale. The study finds, amongst others that the current port facilities in Nigeria are inadequate to handle large-scale transshipment operations; investment in maritime infrastructure would stimulate growth in related sectors such as logistics, warehousing, and inland transportation and transforming Nigeria into a transshipment hub would significantly boost national revenue and foreign exchange earnings. Accordingly, among others, the study recommends that government should consider expediting efforts towards strategic investment in deep seaports and logistics corridors to enhance Nigeria’s competitiveness as a transshipment hub and encourage public-private partnerships (PPP) towards financing and managing large-scale port and maritime infrastructure projects in Nigeria. Keywords: Transshipment, public-private partnership, infrastructure, congestion, investment
BEHAVIOURAL PATTERNS AND SELF-MEDICATION AMONG STUDENTS IN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES IBADAN, OYO STATE, NIGERIA
This study examines the behavioural determinants of self-medication among students in public and private universities in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Given the growing prevalence of self-medication among young adults, particularly university students, the research explores how habits, attitudes, and perceptions shape engagement with self-treatment practices. A cross-sectional descriptive design with a mixed-methods approach was employed. A total of 375 students from Lead City University and the University of Ibadan participated in a quantitative survey, while six students and three medical professionals provided qualitative insights through in-depth and key-informant interviews. Data were collected with structured questionnaires and interview guides. Quantitative analysis, using descriptive statistics and linear regression, reveals a high prevalence of self-medication (85.3%), with reliance on previous experiences, peer influence, convenience, and avoidance of healthcare institutions emerging as significant predictors (β = 0.77, p < 0.01). Thematic analysis of qualitative data reinforces these findings, as students cite time constraints, long queues at clinics, and confidence in self-diagnosis as key motivators. The study concludes that behavioural tendencies and institutional barriers jointly sustain self-medication. It recommends a multimodal strategy led by social workers, in collaboration with universities and medical professionals, to strengthen student support systems, and encourage safer health-seeking behaviours. Keywords: Self-medication, behavioural patterns, university students, health-seeking behaviour.
PARENT-CHILD ATTACHMENT AND DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES AS PREDICTORS OF DISTRESS DISCLOSURE AMONG BULLIED IN-SCHOOL ADOLESCENTS IN IBADAN METROPOLIS
This study investigated the role of parent-child attachment and demographic variables in predicting distress disclosure among in-school adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria. A cross sectional research design was adopted for this study and questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample size of 1, 122 (583 male and 539 female) respondents. The setting was Ibadan North Local Government Area of Oyo State was selected using purposive sampling while the secondary schools and respondents were selected through simple random sampling. Two scales were adopted in the study. The scales are the Adolescent parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) and Distress Disclosure Index (DDI). Two hypotheses were developed and tested in the study. The results revealed that parent-child attachment had a significant influence on distress disclosure among in-school adolescents [R = .413; R2 = .171; F (1, 1120) = 230.789; p< .01]. It was also shown that age and family type were significant joint predictors of distress disclosure [F (2, 1120) = 24.934, p <.01]. Collectively, age and family type accounted for about 4.3% variance in distress disclosure. However, only family type had independent influence on distress disclosure [β = -0.207, t = -7.061, p <.01]. The study concludes that parent-child attachment significantly predicted distress disclosure. It was also concluded that age and family type jointly predicted distress disclosure. It was therefore recommended that parents should give attention to their children (adolescents) so as to have a sense of belonging which will foster disclosure when the need arises. Parents should always ask their children of happenings in the school on daily basis, this will prompt them to disclose cases of bullying experienced in the school to their parents which will prompt the needed intervention. Keywords: age, family type, attachment, distress disclosure, in-school, adolescents.
IMPACT OF PERCEIVED LONELINESS ON SELF-HARM URGE AMONG UNIVERSITY UNDERGRADUATES: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF SELF-ACCEPTANCE
The urge to harm oneself has become a crucial research topic in recent years. It has been connected to a number of detrimental issues with adolescents' and young people's physical and mental health. In light of this, this study examined the mediating function of self-acceptance as well as the predictive impact of perceived loneliness on the urge to self-harm among University Undergraduates. The research design used in the study was a cross-sectional survey. A total of 428 undergraduate students from the University of Ilorin in Kwara State 112 males and 316 females were chosen using both purposeful and convenience sampling techniques. Measures of perceived loneliness (α=.84), self-acceptance (α=.80), and urge to harm oneself (α=.96) were all answered by the participants. Two-step Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis was used to test the hypotheses that were developed. The results indicated that the urge to harm oneself was significantly predicted by perceived loneliness (β =.12, t = 2.37, p <.01). The relationship between perceived loneliness and the urge to harm oneself was fully mediated by self-acceptance, according to the mediation analysis (β =.012, t =.348, p <05). Thus, the study comes to the conclusion that a strong predictor of the desire to harm oneself is perceived loneliness. The impact of perceived loneliness on university undergraduates' urge to self-harm is also found to be significantly mediated by self-acceptance. Therefore, the study suggested that in order to help control the urge to harm oneself, self-acceptance should be included in psychosocial programs. Keywords: Self-harm urge, perceived loneliness, social interaction anxiety, self-acceptance, students.
EXPLORING INFLUENCE OF PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS ON WORKING PARENTS’ QUALITY OF LIFE IN IBADAN
Parents' employment satisfaction, religion disposition and social support, enjoyed from friends and relations can have long-term consequences on quality of life. This study explored the influence of psychosocial factors on working parents’ quality of life in Ibadan. 117 working parents in Ibadan were purposively sampled. Ex-post facto research design was adopted. A validated scales measuring religiosity, social support and job satisfaction were used for data collection. Psychosocial factors jointly predicted about 87% variance in working parents’ quality of life [R=.93, R2 = .87, F (3, 94) = 200.66; P <.01]. Both education [F (5, 99) = 0.772; P > .05] and job designation [F (3, 99) = 1.810; P > 0.5] accounted for 19.3% variance (R2 = 0.193, P > .05). While age-group [F (1, 96) =4.096; p<.05] was significant on quality of life. Psychosocial factors in this study contributed positively to working parents’ quality of life in Ibadan. KEY WORDS, Religiosity, Job Satisfaction, Social Support, Working Parents.
FLUCTUATING HAPPINESS MEDIATED THE INFLUENCE OF ANTI-MATTERING ON AGGRESSION AMONG OFFICERS OF THE NIGERIA POLICE FORCE
Background: This study investigated the mediating effects of fluctuating happiness between anti-mattering and aggressive behaviours among members of the Nigeria Police Force in Ibadan. Methods: Using correlational design, 278 police officers in the Nigeria Police Force in Ibadan responded to a survey comprising the Anti-mattering Scale, Authentic Happiness Scale and Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire. Results: Findings from the data showed that anti-mattering directly predicted higher levels of fluctuating happiness [β = 0.159, t = 2.68, p < 0.01]. Fluctuating happiness directly predicted more aggressive behaviours [β = 0.430, t = 7.910, p < 0.01]. Anti-mattering did not directly predict aggressive behaviours [β = .457, t = 1.875, p > 0.05]. However, anti-mattering indirectly predicted more aggressive behaviours through fluctuating happiness [BootEffect = 0.307, BootSE = 0.147, BootCI: 0.048 – 0.606]. Consequently, the model showed a full mediation. Conclusion: The study concluded that, through fluctuating happiness, anti-mattering increases aggressive behaviours among police officers in Nigeria. Keywords: Anti-mattering, Fluctuating happiness, Aggressive behaviours, Nigeria Police Force
VOICES FROM THE FRONTLINE: EXPLORING THE RISK EXPOSURE AMONG FRONTLINE HEALTH WORKERS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN NIGERIA
Frontline health workers (FHWs) in Nigeria faced substantial risk exposure during the COVID-19 pandemic, yet their lived experiences and challenges remain insufficiently documented. This qualitative study explored the risk exposure and associated systemic challenges encountered by FHWs in Nigeria amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 100 frontline health workers (doctors, nurses, lab scientists and clinical psychologists) were purposively recruited, comprising 60% males and 40% females, who provided rich accounts of their experiences through semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed using thematic analysis, revealing three major themes: (1) FHWs contract COVID-19 from patients, highlighting inadequate patient screening procedures, lack of isolation facilities, and delayed test results that increased unintentional exposure; (2) High rate of COVID-19 infection among FHWs, capturing the frequent illness among colleagues, emotional and physical burnout, and pervasive fear and anxiety within healthcare settings; and (3) Lack of personal protective equipment (PPE), emphasizing shortages, poor quality, and delayed distribution of essential protective gear that compromised workplace safety. The study revealed the systemic lapses and operational challenges that not only heightened infection risks but also adversely affected the psychological well-being and morale of health workers. Findings point to urgent policy and resource interventions aimed at strengthening infection control measures and safeguarding the health and welfare of frontline health workers during ongoing and future pandemics. Keywords: Frontline Health Workers, Risk exposure, COVID-19 pandemic
MODERATING ROLES OF SELF-EFFICACY AND SOCIAL SUPPORT ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MARITAL SATISFACTION AND DOMESTIC VIOLENCE PERPETUATION AMONG MARRIED INDIVIDUALS
Poor satisfaction in marriage may be a foundation for domestic violence, through frustration-aggression. However, belief in self to overcome marital issues and evident social support may help prevent the relationship. The study explored how self-efficacy and perceived social support moderates the relationship between marital satisfaction and domestic violence. A total of 221 married people (86 men, and 135 women), conveniently sampled across Abakaliki metropolis participated in the study. Multiple linear regression was adopted to analyze study data, utilizing Hayes’ PROCESS macro to assess the moderation effects. The result showed that marital satisfaction, self-efficacy, and perceived social support were negatively related to domestic violence. Furthermore, the study showed that while perceived social support moderated the relationship between marital satisfaction and domestic violence, self-efficacy did not show moderation. The results show the importance of social support in navigating life and marital challenges, preventing them from escalating into negative outcomes. Married individuals should leverage social support around them to help them in the time of marital challenges Keywords; Self-efficacy, Social Support, Domestic Violence, Married men/women
PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS PREDICTING ORGANISATIONAL COMMITMENT AMONG HEALTH EMPLOYEES IN IBADAN METROPOLIS
Nigeria's healthcare sector faces high stress, emotional demands, and challenging conditions, impacting staff well-being and retention. Despite their crucial role, healthcare workers often exhibit high turnover and low job satisfaction. While organisational commitment is a known predictor of retention, how workplace happiness and psychological climate specifically influence it within this sector remains underexplored. This study explored the joint and independent influence of demographic variables, workplace happiness and psychological climate on organisational commitment among healthcare workers in Ibadan, Nigeria. A cross-sectional research design was employed, involving 397 healthcare professionals selected through a multi-stage sampling technique. Data were gathered using structured questionnaires that included socio-demographic variables, the Organisational Commitment (OC) Scale, and the Psychological Climate Scale. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to test the research hypothesis at a .05 significance level. The results revealed a significant joint prediction of demographic variable (age and Years in service), workplace happiness and psychological climate on organizational commitment (R = .197, R2 = .013, F (4,392) 3.946, p < .01), independently only psychological climate (β = 0.118, p < 0.05) significantly predicted organisational commitment. Conclusively, this study revealed the importance of fostering a positive psychological environment to improve healthcare workers’ organisational commitment and reduce turnover. This study recommends that healthcare administrators should implement strategies that prioritise improving the workplace psychological climate to strengthen commitment and improve job satisfaction among healthcare professionals. Keywords: Workplace happiness, Psychological climate, Organisational commitment, Healthcare workers
DIMENSIONS OF BODY IMAGE PERCEPTION AS PREDICTORS OF MENTAL WELLBEING IN IN-SCHOOL FEMALE ADOLESCENT
Adolescence is a critical period marked by heightened sensitivity to body image concerns, which can significantly impact mental wellbeing. While existing literature highlights the relationship between body image dissatisfaction and psychological distress, limited research has examined how distinct dimensions of body image uniquely predict mental wellbeing in African adolescent populations. The present study investigated the predictive influence of body competence, body inadequacy, and internal conflict on mental wellbeing among in-school female adolescents in Lagos State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 454 participants aged 13–19 years across five urban local government areas. Data were collected using the Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale and the Adolescents Body Image Satisfaction Scale. Pearson correlation showed a significant negative association between body competence and mental wellbeing (r = –.120, p < .05), while body inadequacy (r = –.027, p > .05) and internal conflict (r = .017, p > .05) were not significantly correlated. Multiple regression analysis revealed that only body competence significantly predicted mental wellbeing (β = –.277, p = .013), although the overall model was not statistically significant (F = 2.270, p > .05). Body image dimensions collectively accounted for 1.5% of the variance in wellbeing scores. Findings underscore the importance of promoting body functionality as a protective factor for mental wellbeing in adolescent girls, and they point to the need for culturally responsive interventions targeting body competence within school-based mental health frameworks. Keywords: Body Image, Mental Wellbeing, Body Competence, Body Inadequacy, Internal Conflict, Adolescents.
Paul Oluwaseyi Animashaun Oluwaseyi Animashaun
EXPERIENCING THE DEATH OF FELLOW STUDENTS IN DELTA STATE PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
The study examined experiencing the death of fellow students in Delta State public secondary school environment and its impact on academic performance. The death of a fellow student is a significant public health concern that requires robust support systems and interventions to mitigate its impact on students’ academic performance and well-being. Most of the deaths in the schooling environment could be attributed to negligence, absence of due diligence, self-harm, disaster or ill-heath, etc.. Two research questions were raised in the study. This study adopted a case study research methodology. Case study methodology is found to be the most appropriate for this topic of enquiry, among others. A case study is a type of research method that is used to develop a comprehensive, multifaceted comprehension of a difficult topic in its actual context. The purpose of a case study is to provide a comprehensive, multidimensional understanding of a complex matter in its true context. The sample was 100 participants for the study area and simple random sampling technique was employed. Thematic analysis was adopted in the study. Thematic analysis is a qualitative research method used to identify, analyze and interpret patterns and themes in such as interviews and observation. The findings show that after such experiences, there are no interventions to allay the fears and trauma of the students. In conclusion, there is an urgent need to address identified gaps and adopt evidence-based practices, educational institutions can better support students navigating the complex emotions of peer loss, ultimately fostering resilience and preventing further harm. The study therefore recommended that educational stakeholders should Integrate death education into school curricula from an early age to normalize discussions and build resilience. Engage all stakeholders—students, parents, teachers, management and community resources in comprehensive support systems to foster a culture of care. Keywords: Death, Students, Environment, Academic Performance, Nigeria
PARENTAL MONITORING, TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCE AND DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES ON BULLYING AMONG IN-SCHOOL ADOLESCENTS IN IBADAN
Bullying remains a critical psychosocial issue affecting adolescents globally, with contextual and individual factors playing significant roles in its manifestation. This study investigated the influence of school location, parental monitoring, traumatic experiences, and demographic variables on bullying experiences among in-school adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey design with an ex-post facto approach was employed. Data were collected from 1,733 adolescents aged 12–19 across eight public secondary schools selected from four local government areas in Ibadan. Instruments included the Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale (MPVS), Parental Monitoring Short Scale (PMSS), and a researcher-developed Trauma Experience Short Scale. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, post hoc LSD tests, and multiple regression analysis. Findings revealed a statistically significant difference in bullying levels based on school location (F(3, 1686) = 66.52, p < .001), with Egbeda recording the lowest bullying rates and Ibadan North the highest. Multiple regression showed that traumatic experiences significantly predicted bullying (β = 0.124, p < .001), while parental monitoring did not (β = -0.033, p = .170). Furthermore, age, gender, and location jointly and significantly predicted bullying (R² = .018, p < .001), with age negatively predicting bullying, and gender and location having positive predictive effects. The study highlights the multifaceted nature of bullying, demonstrating the impact of environmental factors, past trauma, and demographic variables on adolescents' experiences. The non-significant role of parental monitoring suggests that contextual and interpersonal dynamics may moderate its protective influence. Targeted, location-specific, trauma-informed, and demographically sensitive interventions are essential to effectively address bullying among adolescents in Nigerian schools. Keywords: Bullying, Adolescents, Parental Monitoring, Traumatic Experience, School Location, Nigeria
ASSOCIATED DRIVERS OF DEFORESTATION DYNAMIC IN OPARA FOREST RESERVE, OYO STATE, NIGERIA
Forest ecosystems play a critical role in climate regulation, biodiversity conservation, and socioeconomic sustainability. However, rapid deforestation driven by anthropogenic activities threatens these benefits, particularly in tropical regions. Therefore, this study examines deforestation pattern and its associated drivers in Opara Forest Reserve, Nigeria. Multi-temporal Landsat imagery between 1984 and 2025 were obtained, and structured questionnaire were used to elicit information on the factors influencing forest cover changes. Maximum Likelihood Algorithm was used to classify forest cover dynamics into Land Use Land Cover (LULC). Logistic regression was used to evaluate deforestation drivers from 200 stakeholder surveys from forest edged communities. Three LULC were identified; forest, farmland and non-forest. About 56.3% net forest loss (1984–2025) were observed, with deforestation peaking at 2.7% annually (2013–2021). Forest cover declined from 71.3% (1984) to 27.1% (2021), while farmland and non-forest areas expanded significantly. The ecological impacts of this transformation align with threshold theory, demonstrating that forest degradation below 34% cover triggers disproportionate biodiversity loss and ecosystem service decline. Agricultural expansion (11.867 Odds Ratio), demand for timber (3.577 Odds Ratio), and lack of law enforcement (2.467 Odds Ratio) contribute significantly to deforestation in the Okpara Forest Reserve at p < 0.05). Notably, the study documents spatial variations in deforestation perceptions and solution preferences among local communities, highlighting the complex interplay between ecological thresholds and human dimensions of forest management. These findings contribute to both theoretical and applied dimensions of forest conservation. The empirical evidence of nonlinear deforestation trajectories advances our understanding of ecological thresholds in tropical forest systems. Keywords: Conservation, Deforestation, Remote Sensing, Geographic Information System, Land-Use Change, Opara Forest Reserve, and Forest Governance.
TAX REFORM AND FINANCIAL STRESS: ASSESSING THE PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT OF TAX POLICY CHANGES ON NIGERIANS’ MENTAL HEALTH
Tax reforms are essential for economic growth, yet they often introduce financial stress, affecting individuals’ mental well-being. This review paper examines the psychological impact of tax policy changes on Nigerians’ mental health, emphasising financial stress as a key factor. It explores existing literature on the relationship between taxation, financial burden, and psychological distress, focusing on anxiety, depression, and coping mechanisms among affected individuals. The study adopts a qualitative methodology, relying on secondary data sources such as books, peer-reviewed journals, government reports, and policy documents. Theoretical perspectives such as Social Stress Theory, Stress Process Theory, Behavioural Economics Theory, Cognitive Dissonance Theory, and Psychosocial Theory provide a framework for understanding how tax-induced financial stress influences mental health outcomes. Empirical evidence from global and Nigerian contexts highlights the disproportionate effects of taxation on low-income earners and vulnerable groups. Findings suggest that tax policy changes, particularly those increasing the financial burden on individuals, contribute to heightened stress levels, anxiety, and reduced mental well-being. The study recommends policy adjustments that balance revenue generation with citizens’ financial stability and psychological welfare. Additionally, it calls for greater integration of mental health considerations into tax policy formulation. Keywords: Tax Reform, Financial Stress, Mental Health, Taxation Policy, Psychological Impact, Nigeria.
DEVELOPMENT VALIDATION OF PROPENSITY TO SEEK GENETIC COUNSELING SCALE (PSGCS)
This study aimed to develop and validate the Propensity to Seek Genetic Counseling (PSGC) scale, a tool designed to measure the likelihood of individuals, particularly relatives of cancer patients, engaging with genetic counseling services. Existing tools have failed to account for critical psycho-clinical factors such as emotional readiness and motivational barriers. To address this, the PSGC scale was developed through a comprehensive process including literature review, expert consultations, and pilot testing among 51 relatives of cancer patients at Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex. The initial 22-item scale was refined to 16 items based on item-total correlation analysis. The final scale demonstrated high internal consistency with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.92 indicating strong reliability. The PSGC scale incorporates factors such as knowledge, perceived benefits and barriers, and emotional readiness, making it a valuable tool for identifying individuals at risk of genetic conditions who may not seek counseling due to psychological or motivational challenges. This validated scale provides a reliable measure for healthcare professionals and researchers, offering potential for broader application in improving genetic counseling uptake and health outcomes. Key Words: Genetic Counselling, Cancer, Psycho-clinical factors
INFORMATION SEEKING ANXIETY AMONG UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS
This study investigated the level of information seeking anxiety (ISA) among postgraduate students at Nigeria’s premier tertiary institution, University of Ibadan. It focused on understanding the ISA of the students, as well as the demographic differences in their ISA levels. Descriptive survey design was adopted. A standardized and validated ISA scale consisting of six dimensions was used for the data collection. A total of 288 postgraduate students participated in the study. Findings showed that only 42% of the students exhibited mild ISA. Over 90% were in the no, low and mild categories of ISA, while less than 10% had moderate and severe ISA. Information resources dimension was the major source of ISA and the most important cause of this was the lack of access and frustration due to lack of user-friendly information resources. The study found statistically significant gender differences in the overall ISA and information resources, technical and topic identification dimensions, as female students exhibited greater ISA than males. Age differences in ISA were also found in the overall ISA scale and the dimensions of library and information search where the oldest students showed the highest level of anxiety followed by students in the youngest category. No statistically significant differences in ISA were found based on faculty and program of study, except with topic identification dimension where master’s students had the highest ISA. This study concludes that generally, the postgraduate students are comfortable with their information seeking experience. The findings of the study amongst others recommends the need for institutional programs aimed at enhancing students’ information and digital literacy and further studies in other Nigerian universities for a holistic understanding of ISA among postgraduate students. Keywords: Information seeking anxiety; demographic variables; postgraduate students; University of Ibadan; Nigeria.
MIGRATION INTENTION: INFLUENCE OF PERSONALITY TRAITS AND RESILIENCE AMONG SCHOOL OF NURSING STUDENTS IN IBADAN, NIGERIA
The migration of Nigerian nurses to other countries poses a serious challenge to the nation’s healthcare system, leading to staff shortages, increased workload, and reduced quality of care. While economic and workplace factors, such as low pay and poor working conditions, are well-documented drivers of this trend, the role of personality traits, including openness to experience, risk-taking, resilience, and adaptability, has received little attention. These traits may significantly influence a nurse’s decision to migrate or remain. This study explores how personality factors interact with systemic issues to shape migration choices, aiming to inform more effective, targeted retention strategies and enhance workforce stability in Nigeria’s healthcare sector. The research adopted a cross-sectional survey design. The study investigated the influence of personality traits and resilience on migration intention among University of Ibadan nursing school students. The study was carried out at the School of Nursing, University College Hospital, Ibadan. The intention of individuals to migrate abroad was measured using the intention scale developed by Chan-Hoong and Soon (2011). The data were analysed using multiple regression at a significance level of p < 0.05. A multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the Big Five personality traits and resilience significantly predicted migration intentions, explaining 8.4% of the variance. The model was statistically significant, F(6, 167) = 2.54, p = .022. Agreeableness negatively predicted migration intentions (β = -0.271, p = .002), indicating that more agreeable individuals were less likely to intend to migrate. In contrast, conscientiousness positively predicted migration intentions (β = 0.195, p = .042), suggesting that more conscientious individuals were more likely to consider migration. Resilience showed a marginally significant positive effect (β = 0.147, p = .054), indicating a possible trend toward greater migration intention among more resilient individuals. This study found that agreeableness reduces, while conscientiousness increases, migration intentions among Nigerians. Resilience also supports adaptability, highlighting the role of psychological traits in shaping culturally influenced migration decisions.
BEYOND THE BLADE: UNDERSTANDING THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DRIVERS OF RITUAL KILLINGS AMONG YOUTHS IN IBADAN METROPOLIS, NIGERIA
Ritual killing involves killing or severing the part of people or the purpose of using it as an object of ritual sacrifice aim to acquire favour, fame, power, protection and ritual money especially among the youths. Nigeria has been greatly attacked with serious security challenges even since its advent of democracy in 1999. In lieu of this, human trafficking, baby factory syndrome, drug trafficking, Cyber-crimes, Theft, Advanced fee fraud and several others have seriously posed threat to Nigeria. Ritual killing has emerged as a major security concern in Nigeria, and the fate of the victim of ritual killing is generating a growing attention. The study examines the role of the socio-economic status of the family towards ritual killings among youths, and the coping strategies towards militating youth ritual killings in Ibadan metropolis. The study anchored itself on Anomie theory with these objectives. The study engaged an exploratory and qualitative research methodology and collected data through 5 in-depth interviews, 10 key informant interview. The data collected were content analyzed. The study identifies the socio-economic status of families, particularly poverty, unemployment, and lack of basic needs, as key drivers of ritual killings among youths in Nigeria. The phenomenon reflects a breakdown of moral values, trust in justice systems, and social norms, highlighting the need for stronger law enforcement, public education, and awareness campaigns to combat the issue. Keywords: Domestic Violence, Familial Relationships, Victims, Perpetrators, Ibadan Metropolis
“MY WIFE RIPS MY CLOTHES, HITS ME, AND LOCKS ME IN A ROOM”: CHALLENGES AND COPING STRATEGIES OF MALE VICTIMS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN IBADAN
As the statistical spotlight exposes the endangerment of the female gender due to domestic violence, it has simultaneously signaled a threat that is steadily bedeviling the male gender. Therefore, this study investigated the challenges and coping strategies of male victims in Ibadan using the Gender Symmetry Theory to guide explanation of the phenomenon. After collecting and analyzing data throughthe qualitative method, it was discovered that various challenges were encountered by male victims of domestic violence, which included verbal and physical assault, spousal infidelity, and sexual deprivation amongst others. There was the use of formal and informal coping mechanisms such as taking legal steps, alcohol abuse, and anti-social behaviours amongst others by victims to survive the incessant domestic victimization from spouse. The study, however, recommended increased education and awareness against domestic violence while well-equipped and functional support systems be provided to cater for the needs of male victims of domestic violence. Keywords: Domestic violence, victimization, male victims, female perpetrators, Gender Symmetry Theory
A SCOPING LITERATURE REVIEW OF STIGMATIZATION INCIDENCE AND MANAGEMENT AMONG PATIENTS USING ORTHOSES AND PROSTHESES IN NIGERIA (2018–2023)
There is major public health concern regarding the stigmatization of patients who use orthoses and prostheses in Nigeria in relation to social integration, mental health, and rehabilitation outcome. From 2018 to 2023, this scoping literature review examined the prevalence of stigma and its impact on those wearing orthotic and prosthetic devices and concluded with effective management strategies. This systematic searches in relevant databases shows that stigma is rooted in the way society view the disabled, visible impairments resulting in isolation and psychological distress. Management strategies included public campaigns that provide education to the public and improve patient practitioner communication to facilitate rehabilitation. The review proposes a strategy of comprehensive interventions among many different types to reduce stigma and foster inclusive healthcare in Nigeria. Key words: Stigmatization, Orthoses, Prostheses, Public health, Social integration, Mental health, Rehabilitation outcomes, Nigeria