EMPTY NEST SYNDROME AND LIFE EXPERIENCES OF OLDER ADULTS WITH MULTIMORBIDITY IN IBADAN METROPOLIS, OYO STATE.

Abstract

Empty Nest Syndrome (ENS) refers to the psychological distress, loneliness, and loss of purpose parents experience when their children leave home. With increasing urbanization and migration in Nigeria, older adults are increasingly living alone, often facing emotional and physical challenges. This study examined the prevalence and social implications of ENS among older adults with multimorbidity in Ibadan Metropolis, Oyo State. A descriptive cross-sectional design was adopted, combining quantitative and qualitative approaches. A total of 200 older adults aged 60 years and above living independently with chronic conditions participated. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, validated and with reliability coefficient of 0.8 Cronbach Alpha. Data were analysed with descriptive and chi-square statistics at a 5% significance level. Findings revealed that 92% of respondents lived without their children, with most having been alone for over five years. About 44% reported depression, anxiety, or sadness, and over half experienced reduced social interaction and worsened physical health due to loneliness. Significant relationships were found between ENS prevalence, social disconnection, and coping mechanisms. Common coping strategies included watching television, engaging in religious activities, and maintaining social interaction through neighbours and friends. The study concludes that ENS substantially affects the emotional and physical wellbeing of older adults with multimorbidity. It recommends community-based eldercare programmes, family-centered social policies, and faith-based support initiatives to reduce isolation and enhance social inclusion for Nigeria’s ageing population.

Keywords: Empty Nest Syndrome, Older Adults, Multimorbidity, Social Isolation, Coping Mechanisms, Emotional Wellbeing, Ibadan.